This can be the cause of many different things but most commonly it is due to swelling from the presence of bacteria that have built up around the neck of the tooth. If it’s all over your mouth, you should see the hygienist or dentist right away and remove the bacteria and wait for healing. Often your gums may bleed when you brush and this means your teeth need more attention, despite the bleeding. Other more serious conditions may be the cause but are rare. A single tooth that has swelling is more likely in trouble from both an internal and external standpoint. It may need antibiotics, a root canal or an extraction.